Glossary term

Dunning

Definition

The process of systematically communicating with buyers to collect payment on overdue invoices, typically through a sequence of escalating reminder messages. Automated dunning is common in subscription and recurring billing systems for failed or late payments.

Dunning is the process of contacting buyers to collect payment on invoices that are overdue or have failed. It usually runs as a planned sequence of reminders that grow firmer over time, starting with a friendly nudge and escalating toward final notices. In recurring billing and subscription systems, dunning is often automated to recover failed card charges without manual follow-up.

How it works

A dunning process is built around a schedule of touchpoints tied to the invoice due date. A typical cadence might send a reminder a few days before the date, on the date, then at 7, 14, and 30 days past due. Each message references the invoice number, amount, and a payment link. Automated systems also retry failed payment methods and pause access or flag the account after a set number of attempts.

Why it matters

Unpaid invoices tie up cash and create write-off risk. A consistent dunning process shortens the time it takes to get paid (often measured as days sales outstanding) and removes the awkwardness of chasing buyers one message at a time. It also keeps a clean record of every reminder sent, which helps if a payment is later disputed.

B2B quoting on Shopify

Quotes frequently settle on net terms rather than upfront, so dunning matters most after a quote is accepted. On Shopify, if a buyer accepts a quote and pays through native checkout at the time of acceptance, there is no receivable to chase. When you extend terms instead, the overdue balance sits as an unpaid order or draft order, and you handle dunning through your accounting or invoicing tool. See the B2B quoting glossary for related terms like net terms and draft orders, or pricing for plan details.

Frequently asked

Is dunning the same as debt collection?

No. Dunning is the routine, in-house reminder process for invoices that are recently or moderately overdue. Debt collection usually refers to escalating a seriously delinquent account to a third-party agency after your own dunning has failed.

Does accepting a quote through Shopify checkout create a dunning problem?

Not if the buyer pays at acceptance, since the balance is settled immediately. Dunning only comes into play when you offer net terms and the invoice goes unpaid past its due date.

How many dunning reminders should I send?

There is no fixed rule, but a common pattern is three to five messages: a pre-due reminder, one on the due date, and follow-ups at roughly 7, 14, and 30 days past due before escalating.

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