Glossary term

Customer lifetime value (LTV or CLV)

Definition

The total revenue or gross profit a business expects to earn from a customer across the entire relationship. It is often compared against acquisition cost to judge whether a customer is profitable over time.

Customer lifetime value (LTV or CLV) is the total revenue, or gross profit, a business expects to earn from a single customer across the entire relationship. It moves the focus away from a single order and toward the full pattern of repeat purchases over months or years. Most teams compare LTV against customer acquisition cost (CAC) to judge whether a customer is profitable once you account for what it took to win them.

How it works

A simple version multiplies three inputs: average order value, purchase frequency over a period, and the expected length of the relationship. So a buyer who spends 1,200 per order, orders four times a year, for three years has a revenue LTV of 14,400. Swap average order value for average gross profit per order if you want a profit-based figure, which is usually the more honest number for planning spend.

Why it matters

LTV tells you how much you can afford to spend to acquire and retain a customer. A common rule of thumb is an LTV to CAC ratio of at least 3 to 1. It also shifts priorities: a low first-order margin can still be worth chasing if the account reorders for years.

LTV in B2B quoting on Shopify

B2B buyers rarely convert on one order. They request a quote, negotiate, then reorder on a cycle, so lifetime value matters more than the first deal. Tracking which quotes convert and which accounts keep coming back helps you see real LTV rather than a single sale. Because a tool like ShopQuotes converts quote requests into real Shopify draft orders paid through native checkout, repeat purchase history lands in your normal Shopify customer records. See the B2B quoting glossary for related terms.

Frequently asked

What is a good LTV to CAC ratio?

Many teams aim for at least 3 to 1, meaning lifetime value is three times the cost to acquire the customer. Below 1 to 1 you lose money on every customer.

Should I use revenue or gross profit for LTV?

Gross profit is more accurate for deciding how much to spend on acquisition, since revenue ignores product and fulfillment costs. Revenue-based LTV is easier to calculate and fine for rough comparisons.

Why does LTV matter more in B2B than DTC?

B2B buyers usually reorder on a recurring cycle and stay for years, so the first order understates their value. Judging accounts on lifetime value, not a single quote, reflects how the relationship actually pays off.

Turn quote requests into paid orders

ShopQuotes is a free-to-start Shopify app for branded, checkout-ready quotes.